Is there a simple, scientific approach to satisfy human biological lighting needs? You bet. Allow me to introduce: The Melanopic Ratio!
Henrik Clausen, the Director of the Fagerhult Lighting Academy, stands at the forefront of innovation, sustainability, and smart lighting. With a commitment to creating a truly effective lighting environment, Henrik emphasises the importance of understanding the intricate relationship between light and our biological rhythms.
In this exploration, Henrik introduces the concept of the Melanopic Ratio.
It's not just about lighting up a space for visibility; it's about synchronizing with our biological rhythms for a genuinely effective lighting environment.
When it comes to measuring light, we often talk about lux, which describes the brightness hitting an area or filling a room. But did you know there's more to it than meets the eye? Traditionally, we've focused on "photopic lux," the kind of light our eyes need for clear vision. But here's the game-changer: the world of lighting planning now includes "Melanopic lux," the unit that gauges how light affects the receptors governing our biological circadian rhythm. It's all about the amount and the spectrum of light we experience, and it plays a significant role in our sleep quality and overall well-being.
Picture this: You step out on a bright, sunny morning, and you instantly feel more alert. That's the kind of awakening "melanopic" light provides, and electric lighting can mimic this natural spectrum, which helps support our circadian rhythm.
In settings where people spend extended periods, like offices and schools, a consistent circadian rhythm can make a world of difference. Healthcare environments, such as hospitals and clinics, are another prime example, where a well-balanced circadian rhythm benefits both patients and healthcare providers.
Enter the Melanopic Ratio. It's your ace in the hole if you're into spaces that cater to human biological needs. This factor, known as Melanopic Daylight Efficacy Ratio (MDER), plays a pivotal role in lighting planning. It calculates how much a light source contributes to melanopic lux, which measures light vertically at eye level. Since daylight is the reference point for our circadian rhythm, it serves as the basis for Melanopic Ratio.
Here's the nitty-gritty: Melanopic Ratio compares the spectral composition of a light source with daylight. Armed with a light's Melanopic Ratio, you can effortlessly determine its melanopic lighting intensity. This allows us to create lighting setups that hit the bullseye for both visual and biological lighting needs.
But not all lights are created equal. Luminaires with high intensity and a higher color temperature usually boast a favorable Melanopic Ratio.
I recommend following the recommendations of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). They're all about keeping things standardized and have introduced the concepts of MDER and MEDI in the upcoming global lighting standard. While these aren't mandatory, they're a valuable addition. We take your experience and health seriously, so we provide Melanopic Ratio data (MDER) at the diode level per luminaire for full transparency.
We're committed to sharing the Melanopic Ratio because good lighting isn't just about visibility; it's about aligning with your biological clock. It's as fundamental as ensuring your workspace is comfortably heated and well-ventilated.
By making Melanopic Ratio data available for all luminaires, we're contributing to a holistic approach to future workplaces. Property owners can invest wisely, and lighting designers can create spaces where people thrive. With just one factor per luminaire, you can delve into the world of Melanopic Ratio (MDER) at the diode level, exploring how different setups impact visual and biological lighting intensity and energy efficiency. It also simplifies documentation, especially for building certification purposes.
Remember, there's no shortcut to perfect lighting. Melanopic Ratio is crucial, but it's not the only player in the game. We must still consider all aspects of lighting, including visual and emotional elements. Meeting standards and adhering to norms for glare and luminance remains imperative. Excessive lighting intensity and improper light angles can lead to discomfort and glare.
We cherish natural daylight, but trying to mimic it round the clock isn't energy-efficient. Each lighting system must be thoughtfully tailored to meet users' needs, room layouts, and daylight availability.
Good lighting is all about respect—for people and the environment. Melanopic Ratio is a key factor in striking the right balance between health, sustainability, and economic efficiency. While biologically active lighting and advanced control systems may demand more energy, they represent an investment in human well-being without compromising the environment or the bottom line.
As always, energy conservation is a priority. Research indicates that our circadian rhythm responds best to a "light shower" with cooler light for a period ranging from 30 minutes to three hours in the morning. After that, both lighting intensity and color temperature can be toned down, provided they meet the lighting standard's normative requirements. Smart lighting control and tunable white lighting systems enable us to create energy-efficient setups that adhere to the standards—500 photopic lux on work surfaces and a recommended 250 melanopic lux for two hours in the morning.
In healthcare environments, there's ample room to create a supportive lighting environment in an energy-efficient manner. Patients often remain bedridden, and horizontal light exposure allows us to achieve recommended lighting levels with lower energy consumption.
Embrace daylight—it doesn't matter where it comes from, if it delivers the right intensity and quality. By integrating natural light and implementing effective control systems, you can maintain appropriate lighting levels while minimizing energy consumption.
Choose your luminaires thoughtfully. A high Melanopic Ratio often means you can reduce photopic lighting intensity and save energy. However, it's essential to keep in mind that every individual has unique needs, and a well-designed lighting plan should cater to those distinctions.
Light and people
Light has always been a prerequisite for human existence. Inspired by daylight and the latest science, we can create lighting that makes life even better. Humans are made to be outdoors, and daylight affects the way we are – biologically and psychologically. New research has shed light on these links.
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Five Ways Retail Lighting Supports Staff Wellbeing
Happier employees convert more interactions into sales: one study found that a one-point rise in employee happiness led to a ~12% increase in sales productivity. Conversely, when staff are emotionally exhausted (low mood, fatigue), they are more likely to engage in service sabotage behaviours that undermine customer experience and sales. Lighting is an often-overlooked tool in shaping staff wellbeing. Well-designed lighting helps create environments where employees feel energised, confident, and valued. Here are five ways retailers can use lighting strategically to support staff wellbeing and drive performance. 1. Use Dynamic Lighting Where Staff Spend Time Retail teams often work variable shifts, including early mornings, late evenings, and weekends, which can disrupt natural routines and contribute to fatigue. While full circadian lighting strategies can be difficult to implement across the sales floor, where lighting is often driven by brand standards and visual merchandising requirements, they can be far more effective in staff-focused areas such as break rooms, back-of-house spaces, and cafés. In these environments, lighting can be tuned to support how the space is used throughout the day. Brighter, cooler light may help support alertness in staff areas during early or busy shifts, while warmer, softer light can help create a calmer atmosphere in break spaces later in the day. In customer dwell spaces such as cafés, dynamic lighting can also help shape the pace and feel of the environment, creating brighter, more energised settings during peak periods and warmer, more relaxed conditions later in the day. For staff spending extended time in these environments, this more considered approach to lighting can help create spaces that feel more comfortable, functional, and supportive across the working day. 2. Design for the Task, Not Just the Space Retail staff move constantly between tasks, from replenishing stock and changing displays to operating tills and helping customers. Each task places different demands on the eye, which means lighting needs to support the activity as well as the environment. In practice, this means pairing consistent ambient lighting with more focused task lighting where detailed work takes place, such as stockrooms, fitting rooms, service desks, and checkout areas. Much of this should already be addressed through good lighting design practice. Appropriate light levels, glare control, and visual balance are fundamental to creating spaces that are safe, comfortable, and functional for staff. When lighting is designed around the task at hand, staff can work more accurately and comfortably, helping reduce visual fatigue and support smoother day-to-day operations. 3. Support Inclusivity Retail teams often include people with a wide range of needs, including visual sensitivities, colour vision differences, and neurodivergent traits. Lighting that is too harsh, overly contrasting, or prone to flicker can make the working environment more difficult than it needs to be. Inclusive lighting design helps reduce these issues and creates spaces that feel calmer, more manageable, and more comfortable to work in. This might include providing adjustable lighting in staff-only areas, reducing excessive contrast between surfaces, or using adaptive controls to support specific tasks such as detailed labelling or evening restocking without relying on overly harsh overhead light. These adjustments can help staff feel more comfortable and more in control of their environment, supporting confidence, concentration, and day-to-day wellbeing. Staff who are able to work in conditions that suit them are more likely to feel at ease, provide attentive service, and help the store run smoothly. For further reading, see our interview with Dave Hughes, Head of Lighting Design at Fagerhult, where he discusses how strategic lighting choices can improve accessibility, comfort, and the overall shopping experience for all. 4. Integrate Natural Light In many retail environments, staff spend long hours away from windows or in stockrooms with little or no access to daylight. Yet natural light can have a significant effect on energy, mood, and concentration, with studies suggesting that daylight exposure can increase productivity by more than 60%. Where possible, introducing more daylight into staff spaces can help improve comfort and support alertness throughout the day. This might include incorporating windows, rooflights, or borrowed light into back-of-house areas, break rooms, or shared staff spaces. Studies by Smolders et al. and Boubekri et al. (2014) in office settings found that workers exposed to daylight reported higher vitality, better sleep quality, and improved concentration compared to those without window access. In retail, staff are likely to benefit in similar ways, with more energy and focus throughout their shifts. That can translate into better customer service, stronger attention to merchandising, and fewer errors during busy trading periods. 5. Create Comfortable, Balanced Environments Retail environments serve multiple functions, and lighting should reflect that. The visual needs of a sales floor are different from those of a fitting room, stockroom, till point, or staff break area. A well-considered lighting scheme responds to those differences, using light to support the purpose of each space rather than applying a uniform approach throughout. That may mean brighter, more focused lighting in task-driven areas, softer lighting in staff recovery spaces, or carefully placed feature lighting to draw attention where focus is needed. For example, more targeted lighting can help define areas of attention and support concentration, while softer surrounding light can create a calmer overall environment. When lighting is well-designed and adaptable, it becomes easier for staff to stay focused, work comfortably, and move effectively between the different demands of the retail day. How Fagerhult Can Help Lighting is more than a design feature – it is a practical tool that directly influences staff wellbeing, performance, and the overall customer experience. Even small changes to lighting can make a noticeable difference to staff wellbeing and the day-to-day running of a store. To learn more about designing retail environments that support wellbeing and inclusivity, contact Fagerhult today. A few carefully considered lighting interventions can change how your team feels, works, and connects, creating happier staff and more satisfied customers.
Why Uniform Lighting isn’t Enough for Modern Workplaces
Many offices still rely on static lighting: fixed light levels, fixed colour temperature and a one-size-fits-all approach applied across entire floors. While this supports compliance, it reflects an older model of office design built around consistency rather than the varied ways people work today. Modern workplaces are no longer single-purpose environments. Focused work, collaboration, video calls, and informal conversations all place different demands on the space, yet uniform lighting treats them the same way. A single lighting condition may satisfy baseline standards such as EN 12464-1, but it cannot accommodate different tasks, preferences, sensory needs or employee age. Recent workplace research found that 51.8% of employees identified flexibility as a top priority, while poor lighting was cited alongside noise and lack of personal space as a barrier to performance. This highlights a clear disconnect between traditional lighting strategies and the reality of modern work. Modern Workplaces Require Adaptive Lighting Today’s offices support multiple ways of working across the same footprint. Lighting that supports concentration at a desk may feel too clinical for a breakout space, while lighting designed for social comfort may not provide the clarity needed for focused work. This changes the role of workplace lighting. Rather than delivering a single uniform lighting setup, lighting should help define how the space is used. Subtle shifts in intensity, tone and contrast can distinguish between areas for focus, collaboration and restoration, creating clearer visual cues without relying on physical barriers. Visual Comfort Matters More Than Consistency Uniform light does not automatically mean comfortable light. A workplace may achieve consistent illuminance and still create discomfort if glare, reflections and contrast are poorly managed. In screen-heavy offices, visual comfort depends on more than just meeting an arbitrary illuminance target. Direct glare, veiling reflections and excessive contrast can all contribute to eye strain, fatigue and reduced concentration, even in technically compliant spaces. Effective workplace lighting should balance horizontal and vertical illuminance, maintain appropriate luminance ratios and reduce discomfort glare through careful luminaire placement, shielding and optical control. For modern workplaces, visual comfort is not a refinement. It is a prerequisite for sustained focus, well-being, and performance. Inclusion Requires Flexibility Uniform lighting assumes uniform needs, but workplaces are not uniform. A single lighting condition may meet technical standards yet still feel too bright, too dim, or distracting for different users. People experience light differently. Ageing can increase sensitivity to glare and reduce contrast perception, while neurodivergent users may be more sensitive to flicker, reflections, colour temperature or high illuminance. Inclusive lighting is not about finding a single ideal setting but about creating adaptable environments that support diverse needs throughout the day. Local dimming, zoned lighting, personal control and lower-stimulation areas can all help make workplaces more comfortable. Inclusion depends less on uniformity and more on flexibility. From Static Illumination to Dynamic Lighting Standard office lighting has traditionally focused on delivering a maintained average light level across a workspace. While this supports visibility, it does not fully reflect how people respond to light throughout the day. Human physiology is closely linked to daylight, which shifts in intensity and colour over time. Research suggests that changing light conditions may better support alertness, concentration and cognitive performance than constant lighting. “Static lighting assumes people need the same thing all day. In reality, effective workplace lighting has to respond to changing visual, biological and emotional needs.” — Leslie Thomas, Lighting Technology Manager, Fagerhult UK This is where Human Centric Lighting and Double Dynamic Lighting become relevant. Rather than treating light as a fixed background condition, these approaches consider its visual, biological, and emotional effects, balancing comfort, performance, mood, and well-being. A More Responsive Approach If uniform lighting no longer reflects how modern workplaces function, the alternative is not simply more light, but smarter use of it. A more responsive approach combines ambient, task and accent lighting to create greater visual hierarchy and flexibility. Subtle shifts in tone, intensity and contrast can help define spaces for focus, collaboration and restoration without physical separation. Responsiveness also depends on control. Zoned lighting, local dimming and personal adjustment allow users to shape their immediate environment, while connected systems can respond in real time through occupancy sensing, daylight integration and automated dimming. This improves comfort, supports more efficient use of space and ensures light is delivered where and when it is needed. Lighting as Part of Workplace Performance Workplace lighting should no longer be treated as a background utility designed purely to meet technical requirements. It plays a direct role in how people feel, how well they focus and how effectively they work throughout the day. Light influences more than visibility. It shapes concentration, comfort, mood and alertness, affecting both individual performance and the overall experience of a space. When designed to support comfort, adaptability and human rhythms, lighting becomes a strategic workplace tool rather than a compliance exercise. Rethink What Workplace Lighting Should Deliver If your workplace lighting strategy still prioritises uniformity above all else, it may already be limiting comfort, flexibility and performance. Speak to us to discover how our adaptive lighting solutions can create more responsive, inclusive and effective workplace environments.